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Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a kind of treatment that boosts a person’s immune system to fight cancer. The immune system is majorly made of white blood cells, tissues, and organs of the lymph system.

Though our immune system can destroy or slow cancer-growing cells, some cancer cells find ways to avoid this.

Hence, immunotherapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors, T-cell transfers, and other therapeutic antibodies uncover these disguised cancer cells from the immune system.

Precision Medicine

It believes that one treatment doesn’t fit all. Precision medicine sometimes can also be called personalized medicine, is carried out by understanding the genetic molecular mechanism of diseases, thus helping in deriving which treatments work well with which group of patients. It is because of the observation of patients with the same type of clinical diagnosis or symptoms responding in different ways to similar treatment. Therefore, it can be described as customization of individual healthcare with tailored medical decisions, treatments, practices, or products by using the molecular information, genotypic, phenotypic, and health data from a specific group of people to give a targeted therapy and establish care insights, and prevent, or treat them in such a way that their health outcomes are improved. In the future, if there is a complete understanding of the secret behind a patient’s genetics and its impact on his underlying condition or the likeliness of developing such condition will be a phenomenal achievement in revolutionizing the approach to medical practice.

Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery(Vats)

VATS (Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery) is a procedure that is used by the doctor to examine the inside of your chest cavity and the lungs. This is used to diagnose and treat health problems inside the chest and the lungs. It is performed with the use of a thoracoscope, which is a narrow, thin tube with a camera at the end. VATS is a very good option for people who cannot go for an open chest surgery because of previous chest surgeries or have other health issues. Your doctor will suggest if you can go for VATS or not.

Types of VATS

VATS falls under minimally invasive surgery and involves various types of procedures.

VATS lobectomy: This is where one of your lobes of the lung is removed through surgery. This is a common treatment option for non-small cell cancers of the Include VATS segmentectomy.

Breast oncoplasty

Oncoplastic Breast Surgery offers the combined techniques of traditional breast surgery and plastic surgery. The ultimate goal of this treatment is to minimize the side effects and promote physical and emotional healing.

Benefits

• The breast cancer surgery is followed by plastic surgery, which offers benefits like
• The procedure requires only a single surgical session
• Greater amount of tissue is removed – Helpful for large tumors
• Easier to produce symmetrical breasts
• Is done before radiation therapy ensuring the patient’s lesser chances of complications

Organ Preservation

Explain organ preservation. Sometimes not doing a surgery is a part of organ preservation. Its mainly function preservation. Can remove surgery in the heading.

It is the most advanced type of radiation therapy. It delivers radiation from a machine outside the body. Hence it is a type of External-beam radiation therapy. It can treat large areas of the body if needed. This is an explanation of radiotherapy. Not image guided radiotherapy

Bone Marrow Transplant(BMT)

A stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant is a treatment in which there is a replacement of the stem cells residing in the bone marrow. A BMT is a treatment option where unhealthy blood-forming cells are replaced with healthy cells. Red blood cells, White blood cells, and Platelets are all blood-forming cells (Blood Stem Cells). These are found in the soft tissue of the bone called Bone Marrow. After these cells become mature, they enter the bloodstream leaving the bone marrow.

Before a bone marrow transplant, you receive Chemotherapy, or sometimes Radiation therapy too, so that the diseased cells and Marrow are destroyed. After this, healthy cells are given to you. Though the BMT procedure is complicated and challenging, it doesn’t involve surgery but begins with the recipient receiving peripheral blood stem cells from the donor. In another method, Marrow cells are collected from the back of the pelvic bone using a syringe during which the donor is given general anesthesia.

Image Guided Radiotherapy(IGRT)

IGRT (Image Guided Radiation Therapy) is a treatment procedure which uses imaging technologies like MRI, PET and CT to safely deliver accurate radiation on cancer cells.

Benefits of IGRT

• High doses of radiation can be used to kill cancer cells
• No harm to the adjacent healthy tissues
• Keeping the side effects of radiation to minimum

Stereotactic Radiosurgery

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a highly meticulous form of radiation therapy that was developed to handle small brain tumors and their abnormalities. Though the name includes “surgery”, it is a minimally invasive non-surgical procedure that delivers high doses of radiation to the pinpointed targets. Great advancements in radiation technologies allow the delivery of the pre-decided high doses to the targeted tissues while minimizing the dosage and effect on surrounding healthy tissue.

The SRS team is mostly comprised of a radiation oncologist, medical radiation physicist, radiologist, dosimetrist, radiation therapist, and radiation therapy nurse.